Gorbachev

2022 - 8 - 30

Mikhail Gorbachev Mikhail Gorbachev

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Image courtesy of "TVP World"

Soviet-era leader Gorbachev dies aged 91: Russian media report (TVP World)

Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet president, died on Tuesday at the age of 91, Russian news agencies cited hospital officials as saying.

The protests fuelled aspirations for autonomy in the 15 republics of the Soviet Union, which disintegrated over the next two years, which gave rise to a few independent states later on. When pro-democracy protests swept across the Soviet bloc nations of communist Eastern Europe in 1989, he refrained from using force - unlike previous Kremlin leaders who had sent tanks to crush uprisings in Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968. Gorbachev forged arms reduction deals with the United States and partnerships with Western powers to remove the Iron Curtain that had divided Europe since World War Two and bring about the reunification of Germany.

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Image courtesy of "Politico"

Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Union's final leader, dies (Politico)

He oversaw the end to the Soviet empire, a divided Europe and the Cold War.

Poland to the Poles, Hungary to the Hungarians, Czechoslovakia to the Czechs and Slovaks!” “We were well on the way to a civil war, and I wanted to avoid that,” Gorbachev turned over power — and the Soviet “nuclear button” — to Yeltsin, calling Bush to tell him: “Mr. “Gorbachev failed to see,” wrote Sebestyen, “that the demonstrators were hiding behind him as a way of protesting against their own rulers.” “In place of the Stalinist model of socialism,” he told his nation, “we are coming to a citizens’ society of free people.” This time, Gorbachev wasn’t pleased — he tried to stymie independence movements in the Baltics and elsewhere. “The fact is that the Cold War ended by negotiation to the advantage of both sides.” “Glasnost has begun to tear the veil that concealed incompetence and a lack of initiative,” wrote Eric Bourne in the 1988 World Book Year Book. “Under the badge of democratization, restructuring has now encompassed politics, the economy, spiritual life, and ideology,” Gorbachev told the General Assembly. In January 1987, Gorbachev said he wanted history‘s “blank spots” filled in, including an examination of the nation’s bloody past. “An end has been put to the Cold War and to the arms race, as well as to the mad militarization of the country, which has crippled our economy, public attitudes, and morals. Certainly, the events of the 1980s — including the humiliating defeat in Afghanistan — had already made it harder for any Soviet leader to continue the nation on its existing path.

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Mikhail Gorbachev, former Soviet president who took down the Iron ... (CNN)

Mikhail Gorbachev -- the last leader of the former Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991 -- has died at the age of 91.

But to the end, Gorbachev was a leader more respected in other countries than at home. "All the agreements that are there are preserved and not destroyed," he said. The ultimate goal of arms control, he added, must be to get rid of nuclear weapons completely. In an interview with CNN in 2019, Gorbachev said the US and Russia must strive to avoid a "New Cold War" developing despite worsening tensions. Previously, he had established the Green Cross -- to deal with ecological issues -- and the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Studies, or Gorbachev Foundation. in 2012 that he agreed Russian democracy was "alive" but added: "That it is 'well'... He also seemed to have had a blind spot for the power of the nationality issue: Glasnost created ever-louder calls for independence from the Baltics and other Soviet republics in the late 1980s. In later life, Gorbachev said he was "particularly proud of my ability to detect a fault in the combine instantly, just by the sound of it." The central point in our lives is gone," he said. In 1986, face to face with American President Ronald Reagan at a summit in Reykjavik, Iceland, Gorbachev made a stunning proposal: eliminate all long-range missiles held by the United States and the Soviet Union. He spoke about cooperating with me, working with me on a new union treaty, he signed the draft union treaty, initialed that treaty. As he came to realize, the collective system was fundamentally flawed in more than one way.

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Image courtesy of "CBC.ca"

Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet leader who ended the Cold War, dead at ... (CBC.ca)

Mikhail Gorbachev, who ended the Cold War without bloodshed but failed to prevent the collapse of the Soviet Union, has died at the age of 91, Russian news ...

He wanted the Soviet Union to be respected. Cold War historian Sergey Radchenko said Gorbachev "lived to see some of his worst fears realized and his brightest dreams drowned in blood and filth. but there was one miscalculation: we did not know our country well," said Vladimir Shevchenko, who headed Gorbachev's protocol office when he was Soviet leader. He wanted good relations. "The era of Gorbachev is the era of perestroika, the era of hope, the era of our entry into a missile-free world … Putin in 2005 called the collapse of the Soviet Union the "greatest geopolitical catastrophe" of the 20th century and in 2018 said he would reverse it if he could.

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Ex-Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev dead at 91 (Hope Standard)

Last leader of the USSR produced extraordinary reforms that led to the end of the Cold War.

Russians blamed him for the 1991 implosion of the Soviet Union — a once-fearsome superpower whose territory fractured into 15 separate nations. Yet Gorbachev may have had a greater impact on the second half of the 20th century than any other political figure. And it would have immediately pushed the country into a civil war,” he said.

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Mikhail Gorbachev, last Soviet leader, dies aged 91 (Aljazeera.com)

Gorbachev, who led the Soviet Union from 1985 until its collapse in 1991, died in Moscow, Russian news agencies say.

It opened the way for a free Europe. Let them spend a couple of months living like Russians and see how they feel,” an unnamed teacher told the Reuters news agency after Gorbachev received the Nobel Prize. Mikhail Gorbachev was a trusted and respected leader. He also refrained from using force to subdue pro-democracy protests in the Soviet bloc nations of communist Eastern Europe in 1989. “He’s reviled today in Russia because he’s associated with the breakup of the Soviet Union and the end of the leading role that Russia had in the world.” “Gorbachev had become friendly with the West, was seen as a reformer in the West, but he did try to keep the Soviet Union together and he failed in that,” Conor O’Clery, a Moscow correspondent for The Irish Times newspaper from 1991 to 1996, told Al Jazeera on Tuesday.

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Last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev dies aged 91 (Financial Times)

Reformer who oversaw peaceful end of cold war had been suffering from 'long-term illness'

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Here's what world leaders are saying on the passing of Mikhail ... (Toronto Star)

Mikhail Gorbachev, the last president of the former Soviet Union, died Tuesday at the age of 91. Tributes poured in on social media, paying homage to the ...

[Code of Conduct](https://www.thestar.com/about/community-guidelines.html). [died Tuesday ](https://www.thestar.com/news/world/europe/2022/08/30/russian-media-ex-soviet-leader-mikhail-gorbachev-dead-at-91.html)at the age of 91. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last president of the former Soviet Union,

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Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev has died at 91 (NPR)

Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who played a central role in ending the Cold War, has died at the age of 91. Russian media reported his death.

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Image courtesy of "Politico"

Putin, world react to death of Gorbachev, last Soviet leader (Politico)

"In a time of Putin's aggression in Ukraine, his tireless commitment to opening up Soviet society remains an example to us all," British Prime Minister ...

He played the critical role in a peaceful conclusion of the Cold War by his decision against using force to hold the empire together.” “A new, more peaceful and promising world seemed to be on the horizon,” Phillips said. Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.), who met Gorbachev both in Russia and the United States, described him as “a bold leader who was unafraid to confront reality.” [Putin expressed condolences](https://www.reuters.com/world/russias-putin-expresses-deepest-condolences-death-gorbachev-interfax-2022-08-30/) following Gorbachev’s death, according to a [statement reportedly sent](https://www.reuters.com/world/russias-putin-expresses-deepest-condolences-death-gorbachev-interfax-2022-08-30/) to Russian news agency Interfax. Other leaders contrasted Putin with Gorbachev in their condolence messages. [Gorbachev’s death Tuesday](https://www.politico.com/news/2022/08/30/mikhail-gorbachev-soviet-union-cold-war-obit-035311).

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Mikhail Gorbachev, who ended the Cold War, dies at age 91 ... (CTV News)

Mikhail Gorbachev, who ended the Cold War without bloodshed but failed to prevent the collapse of the Soviet Union, died on Tuesday at the age of 91, ...

Mathew Grimes and Kaden Browne left their hometown 22 days ago in Mathew's 1991 Geo Metro car. [Autos](https://www.ctvnews.ca/autos) [DeLorean's new car looks nothing like the one you remember. [Lifestyle](https://www.ctvnews.ca/lifestyle) ['Life is short': Adventurous 93-year-old skydives thanks to N.S. The university, based in Austin, will offer students 'The Taylor Swift Songbook' this fall. Secret Service Assistant Director Tony Ornato left the Secret Service on Monday, a significant departure two months after explosive testimony by a former White House aide, who alleged Ornato had told her then-U.S. woman's conviction for HIV non-disclosure overturned](https://barrie.ctvnews.ca/former-barrie-ont-woman-s-conviction-for-hiv-non-disclosure-overturned-1.6049096) CTVNews.ca explains how to properly turn off your phone's Wi-Fi. With considerable attention on an increase in hate and harassment online, questions are being raised over where the federal government's promises stand, related to addressing harmful content. The RCMP says it is investigating the verbal harassment of Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland that occurred in Alberta on Aug. NASA will try again Saturday to launch its new rocket on a test flight, after engine trouble halted the first Artemis I mission countdown this week. But he will be remembered fondly by historians, and one day - I believe it - by Russians," said Cold War historian Sergey Radchenko. I think his tragedy is in a sense that he was too decent for the country he was leading," said Gorbachev biographer William Taubman, a professor emeritus at Amherst College in Massachusetts.

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Mikhail Gorbachev will be 'sorely missed,' says former Canadian PM ... (Globalnews.ca)

Mulroney says while U.S. president Ronald Reagan gets a lot of credit for ending the Cold War without a shot, Gorbachev was an indispensable leader on the ...

His run for president in 1996 was a national joke, and he polled less than 1 percent of the vote. He was, in my judgment, a great man.” But he was lauded outside of Russia and Mulroney said they deepened their friendship on the international speaking circuit. Gorbachev’s approach to diplomacy forms a sharp contrast to the “bellicose, mediocre leadership that you see today in Moscow,” Mulroney added. Yet Gorbachev may have had a greater impact on the second half of the 20th century than any other political figure. “I said, ‘you know, Ron, there’s a new game in town, here,”’ Mulroney reminisced.

Statement of President Biden On the Passing of President Mikhail ... (The White House)

Mikhail Gorbachev was a man of remarkable vision. When he came to power, the Cold War had gone on for nearly 40 years and communism for even longer,

Gorbachev visited the White House in 2009, he and I spoke for a long time about our countries’ ongoing work to reduce U.S. The result was a safer world and greater freedom for millions of people. Few high-level Soviet officials had the courage to admit that things needed to change.

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Image courtesy of "The Washington Post"

Putin, Biden and other leaders react to Mikhail Gorbachev death (The Washington Post)

President Biden said the former Soviet leader had the "imagination to see that a different future was possible."

World leaders reacted to the death of Mikhail S. [said](https://twitter.com/BorisJohnson/status/1564727984719814662?s=20&t=f-kTUDB69w4ZtXxf-0gblg) on Twitter that “in a time of Putin’s aggression in Ukraine, [Gorbachev’s] tireless commitment to opening up Soviet society remains an example to us all.” [wrote](https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202208/1274279.shtml) that “in a historical reflection, Gorbachev is naive and immature,” adding that he would be remembered as “a tragic figure who catered to the US and the West without principle.” [Hiroshima](https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/26/japan-russia-nuclear-hiroshima/?itid=lk_inline_manual_21), said Gorbachev had “left behind great accomplishment as a world leader supporting the abolishment of nuclear weapons.” [said](https://twitter.com/CondoleezzaRice/status/1564726532370604032?s=20&t=tjpy5y4RK1_hKRLQd2q03g) on Twitter that Gorbachev’s life was “consequential because, without him and his courage, it would not have been possible to end the Cold War peacefully.” Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his “deepest condolences,” a spokesman told the Interfax news agency, adding that Putin will “send a telegram of condolences to his family and friends.”

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Getting to Know Gorbachev (POLITICO Magazine)

William Taubman, the author of Gorbachev: His Life and Times, is also the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Khrushchev: The Man and His Era. Mikhail Gorbachev ...

Still, Gorbachev facilitated our meetings with current and former aides in Moscow and in Stavropol, the southern city where he climbed the ladder of the party apparatus, and our visit to Privolnoye, the village where he was born. During a later interview, I was surprised when Gorbachev said he didn’t tell his wife he was about to become Soviet leader until the night before he was anointed. He seemed to enjoy the fact that Jane and I worked together; still in love with Raisa, he always respected women, unlike most of Russia’s leaders, particularly the current one. No more!” At which point she burst into tears because, he added, “I was the last thing she could control and now that was gone.” We expected him to have his own interpreter present (though Jane and I are fluent in Russian), but he didn’t. I was shocked when he volunteered the story about how his mother often whipped him with a belt him until, at age 13, he grabbed it, tore it from her, and said, “That’s it! Kissing her three times on alternative cheeks with a twinkle in his eye, he pronounced in Old Church Slavonic, “In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost.” Jane wasn’t quite sure whether the former leader of Godless Communist Russia was teasing her, or not. We expected Gorbachev to demand that we submit our questions in writing before the interviews, but he never did. I later witnessed Gorbachev’s attempts to make his country and the world a better and more decent place through his programs of perestroika and glasnost. But I started to get to know the man when I met him in 2005, more than a decade after he was forced to resign as the USSR’s first and last president. He tried to reform the USSR, eventually to democratize it, but was overwhelmed by the people and forces he freed. But rather than ask Gorbachev’s permission to undertake his biography (for fear he would say no), I told him I was doing it and requested his cooperation.

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Image courtesy of "CNN"

World leaders mourn death of last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev (CNN)

The death of former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, known for his pivotal role in ending the Cold War and introducing key reforms to the USSR, has prompted ...

After a failed coup by frustrated hard-liners in 1991, Gorbachev resigned by the end of the year. In 1986, face to face with US President Reagan at a summit in Reykjavik, Iceland, Gorbachev made a stunning proposal: eliminate all long-range missiles held by the US and the Soviet Union. So the people would cease to be a herd led by a shepherd. With his outgoing, charismatic nature, Gorbachev broke the mold for Soviet leaders who until then had mostly been remote, icy figures. "I began these reforms and my guiding stars were freedom and democracy, without bloodshed. "He played a crucial role to end the Cold War and bring down the Iron Curtain," she wrote.

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Image courtesy of "Globalnews.ca"

Mikhail Gorbachev, final Soviet leader who ended Cold War, dies at 91 (Globalnews.ca)

Gorbachev oversaw the end of the Cold War but failed to prevent the collapse of the Soviet Union, creating a complicated legacy for the leader.

I think his tragedy is in a sense that he was too decent for the country he was leading,” said Gorbachev biographer William Taubman, a professor emeritus at Amherst College in Massachusetts. but there was one miscalculation: we did not know our country well,” said Vladimir Shevchenko, who headed Gorbachev’s protocol office when he was Soviet leader. “Few leaders in history have had such a decisive influence on their time.” Putin expressed “his deepest condolences,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told Interfax. There was no immediate reaction from the White House or the U.S. “The era of Gorbachev is the era of perestroika, the era of hope, the era of our entry into a missile-free world …

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Morning Update: Mikhail Gorbachev, ex-Soviet leader who helped ... (The Globe and Mail)

The last leader of the Soviet Union, he irrevocably shaped its political and economic future in ways that have both earned him a Nobel Peace Prize and drawn ...

Enjoy today's [puzzles](https://www.theglobeandmail.com/puzzles-and-crosswords). There, starting in 1990, anyone could record up to two minutes of video for the price of a loonie in the Speakers Corner booth (the money went to charity). Regardless of which of these versions is true, this a blow for good science communication, and a victory for bureaucracy, political spin, and the let’s-pretend-COVID-is-over mindset.” [Yusuf Faqiri](https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-my-brothers-death-shows-there-are-two-systems-of-justice/): “For over five years, my family has been fighting for justice and instead has faced a two-tier system: One for law enforcement and one for the rest of us. [The Editorial Board](https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/editorials/article-two-million-more-people-but-only-one-more-mp-its-time-to-bring-rep-by/): “Growth in the size of the House is severely restricted, so fast-growing provinces barely gain seats. That’s why Ontario, after adding nearly two million people since 2011, will get only one additional MP in the next parliament, whereas the 1.9 million people of the Maritimes are represented by 25 MPs.” [André Picard](https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-shuttering-ontarios-covid-19-science-advisory-table-isnt-helpful/): “Depending on who you believe, the independent panel – which consists of a group of scientific experts who have been offering advice on how to navigate the pandemic – will: A) be dissolved on Sept. This is how the Inuit of Mittimatalik welcome visitors to the Nunavut hamlet, also known as Pond Inlet, on the northeastern shore of Baffin Island. That, combined with the widespread return to in-person learning, an increase in travel to areas where viruses like measles are still spreading and the rise of misinformation, could set the stage for an increase in outbreaks in schools. [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected]) Need to share documents securely? During the campaign, they will share a platform and ask members to vote for Pedneault as first choice and May as second. In the quiet fields of Ontario, Gorbachev went on a walk that changed the world. Gorbachev said he and Yakovlev realized there that they shared a belief the USSR was in desperate need of reform. The last leader of the Soviet Union, he irrevocably shaped its political and economic future in ways that have both earned him a Nobel Peace Prize and drawn criticism for ending his rule in “failure.”

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Image courtesy of "The Washington Post"

Chinese react to Gorbachev's death, accuse him of selling out Russia (The Washington Post)

The denigration of Mikhail Gorbachev in China underlines the lengths Xi Jinping has gone to forge a path different from the reformist Soviet leader's.

The denigration of Gorbachev underlines the lengths the party and Chinese leader Xi Jinping have gone to forge a path different from the one taken by the reformist Soviet leader. “In the end, nobody was man enough to stand up and resist.” Still, the vast majority of people were likely to be unmoved by his death. “Go in peace,” internet users wrote under search results for Gorbachev’s name on the Baidu engine Wednesday. “He won widespread acclaim in the West by selling out the interests of his homeland.” Gorbachev is seen in China as the man who brought disaster on his own people and blithely dismantled a great socialist nation in a cautionary tale of failed leadership that Chinese Communist Party officials have obsessively studied for decades.

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Gorbachev: Little love for late Soviet leader in Russia's old empire (BBC News)

Mikhail Gorbachev was lionised by the West for lifting the Iron Curtain and ending the Cold War, but opinion is far more negative in Russia and much of its ...

What if the USSR was ruled in the 1980s by someone like Putin?" The American fast-food chain opened to great fanfare in Moscow in 1990, when he was leader of the Soviet Union and Russia was opening up to the world. When protests against communist rule reached a crescendo in October 1989, he ordered Soviet troops not to leave base. The world-changing events of the 1980s and 1990s are now a distant memory to many. The war in Ukraine and an economic downturn are much more at the forefront of people's minds. TV channel NTV considered whether he was worthy of a monument, adding that Russians were ambivalent on the issue. He never admitted giving the order for troops to attack pro-independence protesters, but couldn't prevent the violence. "If anyone else had been president in Russia, this wouldn't have happened. A crackdown on Azerbaijan's pro-independence movement in 1990 left 147 people dead. But the Nobel Peace Prize winner was a controversial figure in Russia, and opinion on him is split. Fast forward to 2022, and McDonald's has ceased all operations in Russia over the invasion of Ukraine. Everything would be different now [if he had saved it]."

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ANALYSIS | Respected in the West, Gorbachev was seen as a ... (CBC.ca)

Mikhail Gorbachev, who died on Tuesday at age 91, liked to talk. And after he took power in the Soviet Union in 1985, he wanted his country to talk, ...

When he became the leader of his party and the country in 1985, Gorbachev promoted Yakovlev to the politburo. But the structure built from that vision was flawed and doomed, in the end, to fail. In the bloodiest possible way, he is now trying to reclaim parts of the lost empire. When he finally ran for the presidency in 1996, he got 0.5 per cent of the vote. For this he earned the respect and applause of much of the world. The KGB and security ministries had failed once to stop Gorbachev's reforms. It was a country spending enormously on its military and a losing war in Afghanistan. To that end, in 1989 he created a new parliament, the Congress of Peoples' Deputies. In the process, a once-hermetically censored country burst open in a flood of speeches, revelations, debates. The problem was that, as the country talked of its problems, they only became worse and worse. And so, night after night, Soviet viewers saw Gorbachev — often accompanied by his striking wife, Raisa — at the top of the news, for 10, 20, even 30 minutes, addressing his ministers, conversing with people in the streets. In August 1991, the coup took place.

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Putin says Gorbachev 'had huge impact on course of global history' (The Guardian)

Russian president pays tribute to ex-Soviet leader but no decision yet on whether he will get state funeral.

Putin had a strained relationship with Gorbachev, who initiated policies that ultimately led to the fall of the Soviet Union. No romantic period and ‘century of honey’ took place. “He led our country over the period of complex, dramatic transformations and extensive foreign political, economic, and social challenges.

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Former PM Brian Mulroney says Mikhail Gorbachev will be 'sorely ... (DiscoverAirdrie.com)

Former Canadian prime minister Brian Mulroney says Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union, was a "great man" who will be "sorely missed" on ...

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Mikhail Gorbachev: The contradictory legacy of Soviet leader who ... (The Conversation AU)

Mikhail Gorbachev died at 91 on Aug. 30, 2022. A historian of the Soviet era assesses his impact and the consequences of his failed attempts to reform state ...

[met in a forest setting ](https://www.neweurope.eu/article/30-years-ago-the-stroke-of-a-pen-in-a-snowy-belarussian-forest-changed-the-world/)in the absence of Gorbachev, where they came up with a hastily conceived plan to break up the USSR and abolish Gorbachev’s presidency. Ultimately, the Soviet Empire disintegrated, not from a popular, massive uprising from below, as many in the West imagine, but from the mistakes and [political infighting](https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/intn.html) at the top, which progressively weakened the center’s authority. [achieved the highest position](https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mikhail-gorbachev-picked-to-succeed-chernenko) in the party of general secretary in 1985 he embarked on a pell-mell program of reform. [begging for financial help](https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/23/world/gorbachev-pleads-for-100-billion-in-aid-from-west.html) from the George H.W. president [Ronald Reagan came around to the view](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/31/gorbachev-and-reagan-the-capitalist-and-communist-who-helped-end-the-cold-war) that Gorbachev was indeed an authentic dismantler of the Soviet command system. By 1990 his own weakness and indecision had derailed the revolution from above. [Western suspicions](https://indianexpress.com/article/world/how-reagan-and-bush-overcame-skepticism-to-collaborate-with-gorbachev-8122532/) when he first came to power that he was simply a wolf-in-sheep’s clothing, an insincere reformer who was really a hard-line communist, Gorbachev managed to convince the skeptics abroad of his sincerity. As head of government, Gorbachev was faced with an insolvable dilemma: how to achieve the democratic ends he desired without resorting to undemocratic means, force and violence. He mistakenly thought he had a firm agreement with the United States and Germany not to move NATO one inch eastward but failed to get it in writing. [his death at 91](https://www.npr.org/2022/08/30/1120141650/former-soviet-leader-mikhail-gorbachev-has-died), announced by state media in Russia on Aug. But in the process, he ended up undermining socialism as the major alternative to Western neoliberal capitalism. Early fears in the West evolved into anxiety about Gorbachev’s survival as he embarked on his great project.

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Image courtesy of "The New Yorker"

Mikhail Gorbachev, the Fundamentally Soviet Man (The New Yorker)

The last leader of the U.S.S.R. attempted to modernize and reform his country, even as he failed to imagine it as anything but an empire.

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